For those who read about it, you will recall that in 2005, the Malaysian Govt was excited about accidentally finding an ancient civilisation in Johor. This was reported in the various newspapers.There was talk about excavating the huge site to rediscover this civilisation. And then..... silence! After that, no news at all about this discovery.
A number of times I have discussed with friends that there was definitely a cover-up because the authorities did not like what was discovered - something that is contradicting what the Govt is trying to claim. And so many years passed and now I received this email revealing what I suspected to be true! Read on.......
Good to know who are the real Pendatang... The Indians and Chinese were here way before the Malays ... You have to start learning the correct history.
Regards,
LEE Ong Kim (Dr)
Associate Professor and Head
Policy and Leadership Studies
National Institute of Education
NIE2-03-54, 1 Nanyang Walk,
Singapore 637616
Tel: (6... GMT+8h | Fax: (65) 6896-9151 | Email:ongkim.lee@nie.edu.sg Web: www.nie.edu.sgAn Institute of Nanyang Technological University
A small piece of History for our future generation. Why Kota Gelanggi (lost city) touted as earliest civilisation in Malay Peninsula news was banned as they were Buddhist.
The Johor find of 2005 which was quietly dropped was none other than Kota Gelanggi lost city reflecting Srivijaya and its Buddhist splendour. But they deliberately disregarded it because that would have sidelined Malacca Empire and Islam which was smaller and came some 500 years later. I met Dr Lee Kam Hing, a former History prof at MU in Singapore recently at a seminar. Dr Lee, who is now Star research director, told me he was trying his best to highlight Kota Gelanggi, but that the govt killed it off. This is clearly another case to cover up the real history of Malaya and fool the younger generations into believing that our history only began from Malacca 1400.. Not only that, they try to show Parameswara as Malay and Muslim, but actually he was Hindu! If one were to condemn these UMNO scumbags on how they distort history, it will never end......the condemnations will more than cover 10 PhD thesis!
A small piece of History for our future generation Hitler's public relations manager, Goebbels, once said, 'If you repeat a lie often enough, it becomes the truth.'
Once again our government wiped out any references to a famous Melaka prince as being Hindu and belonging to the powerful Hindu empire Sri Vijaya. So all of a sudden our museums, school text-books etc. all refer to Parameswara as a Malay prince.
What race ruled or did not rule is beside the point. What is important is not butchering history to create your own truths. You cannot change your race even if you convert - Parameswara could have been responsible for Umno's proud heritage of ' Ketuanan Melayu '.
If this is what it is based on, there is no ' Ketuanan Melayu '. The lineages of Melaka Sultans are Indians, not Malays. It is no secret that Parameswara was an Indian and a Hindu prince. It is clear from records that Parameswara never converted to Islam. He was an Indian Hindu who fled Palembang in Sumatra to eventually found Melaka circa 1400 AD. It was Sri Maharaja who converted himself and the court of Melaka to Islam, and as a result took on the name of Sultan Muhammad Shah sometime after 1435.
The most famous of Indian Hindu Kings were Raja Chola and his son Rajendra Chola who invaded Southern Thailand, Kedah, Perak, Johor and Sumatra about 1000 AD. This is Raja-raja Chola - the Indian/Hindu kings and not Raja Chulan - a Malay king. But what is really sad is that our children are taught as though Malaysian history suddenly began in 1400 with an Islamic Melaka.
We are led to believe that the Indians and Chinese first arrived on the shores of Malaysia in about 1850 as desperate indentured labourers, farmers and miners. Nothing could be further from the truth.
The cultural influences of India in particular, and China, in South East Asia span over 2,000 years, starting with the arrival from India of the Brahmanical prince/scholar - Aji Saka in Java in AD78, through to Vietnam, Cambodia (Indo China), Thailand, Burma, Indonesia, Bali, Borneo, Brunei and beyond.
The findings at Bujang Valley speak of an ancient Indian/Hindu presence in Kedah. There were Chinese settlements in Pahang and Kelantan around the 13th-14th century and in 12th century in Singapore.
The early Brunei Sultanate had a Chinese Queen. One need not ponder at length the implications of Angkor Wat and Borobudur or that 40%-50% of Bahasa Malaysia comprises Sanskrit words. To illustrate, some of these words are :
An extremely important archeological find that pointed to one of the greatest empires in history - the Raja Chola empire that ruled from the Maldives through India , Sri Lanka and right down to South East Asia found deep in the jungles of Johor a few years ago and made headlines in the mainstream newspapers in 2005, suddenly disappeared from the news¦..
The time has arrived for us to record our history as the facts tell us and not as we would like to wish it. The truth will never hurt anyone. Lies, always will.
The Johor find of 2005 which was quietly dropped was none other than Kota Gelanggi lost city reflecting Srivijaya and its Buddhist splendour. But they deliberately disregarded it because that would have sidelined Malacca Empire and Islam which was smaller and came some 500 years later. I met Dr Lee Kam Hing, a former History prof at MU in Singapore recently at a seminar. Dr Lee, who is now Star research director, told me he was trying his best to highlight Kota Gelanggi, but that the govt killed it off. This is clearly another case to cover up the real history of Malaya and fool the younger generations into believing that our history only began from Malacca 1400.. Not only that, they try to show Parameswara as Malay and Muslim, but actually he was Hindu! If one were to condemn these UMNO scumbags on how they distort history, it will never end......the condemnations will more than cover 10 PhD thesis!
A small piece of History for our future generation Hitler's public relations manager, Goebbels, once said, 'If you repeat a lie often enough, it becomes the truth.'
Once again our government wiped out any references to a famous Melaka prince as being Hindu and belonging to the powerful Hindu empire Sri Vijaya. So all of a sudden our museums, school text-books etc. all refer to Parameswara as a Malay prince.
What race ruled or did not rule is beside the point. What is important is not butchering history to create your own truths. You cannot change your race even if you convert - Parameswara could have been responsible for Umno's proud heritage of ' Ketuanan Melayu '.
If this is what it is based on, there is no ' Ketuanan Melayu '. The lineages of Melaka Sultans are Indians, not Malays. It is no secret that Parameswara was an Indian and a Hindu prince. It is clear from records that Parameswara never converted to Islam. He was an Indian Hindu who fled Palembang in Sumatra to eventually found Melaka circa 1400 AD. It was Sri Maharaja who converted himself and the court of Melaka to Islam, and as a result took on the name of Sultan Muhammad Shah sometime after 1435.
The most famous of Indian Hindu Kings were Raja Chola and his son Rajendra Chola who invaded Southern Thailand, Kedah, Perak, Johor and Sumatra about 1000 AD. This is Raja-raja Chola - the Indian/Hindu kings and not Raja Chulan - a Malay king. But what is really sad is that our children are taught as though Malaysian history suddenly began in 1400 with an Islamic Melaka.
We are led to believe that the Indians and Chinese first arrived on the shores of Malaysia in about 1850 as desperate indentured labourers, farmers and miners. Nothing could be further from the truth.
The cultural influences of India in particular, and China, in South East Asia span over 2,000 years, starting with the arrival from India of the Brahmanical prince/scholar - Aji Saka in Java in AD78, through to Vietnam, Cambodia (Indo China), Thailand, Burma, Indonesia, Bali, Borneo, Brunei and beyond.
The findings at Bujang Valley speak of an ancient Indian/Hindu presence in Kedah. There were Chinese settlements in Pahang and Kelantan around the 13th-14th century and in 12th century in Singapore.
The early Brunei Sultanate had a Chinese Queen. One need not ponder at length the implications of Angkor Wat and Borobudur or that 40%-50% of Bahasa Malaysia comprises Sanskrit words. To illustrate, some of these words are :
bumi = boomi singgasana = singgasanam
putra = putran perdana = pirathamar
raja = rajah menteri = manthiri
desa = thesa kapal = kappal
syakti = sakthi samudra = samuthiram
kolam = kulam sepatu = sappattu
bahaya = abahya
jaya = jeya
maha = maha
aneka = aneha
nadi = naadi
kedai = kadai
mahligai = maaligai
mantra = manthrum
tandas = sandas
(This list can go on)
An extremely important archeological find that pointed to one of the greatest empires in history - the Raja Chola empire that ruled from the Maldives through India , Sri Lanka and right down to South East Asia found deep in the jungles of Johor a few years ago and made headlines in the mainstream newspapers in 2005, suddenly disappeared from the news¦..
The time has arrived for us to record our history as the facts tell us and not as we would like to wish it. The truth will never hurt anyone. Lies, always will.
National Institute of Education ( Singapore ) http://www.nie.edu.sg/
42 comments:
The Malays belong to the same Large Family of Malays or Rumpun Melayu as the Orang Asli of the Peninsula and the Bumiputeras (natives) of Sabah and Sarawak.
The Constitution spells out the definition of Malays in Malaysia. Habitually speaking the Malay language, practicing the Islamic religion, the Malay customs and traditions are the key factors. Language experts (linguists) have determined that there is also a Large Family of the Malay Language, totaling over 1,200 in all.
The books "The Malay Civilization" and "Tamadun Alam Melayu" published by the Historical Society of Malaysia, provide a broader classification of the Malays, which include the Orang Aslis and the Bumiputeras of Sabah and Sarawak. The books say that the Malays originated in the Malay Archipelago or Gugusan Pulau Pulau Melayu, to which Semenanjong Tanah Melayu, Sabah and Sarawak belong, over 7,000 years ago. They cultivated padi and had the rice-eating culture even before the mainland Chinese.
The Malays have been in and out of the islands within the Archipelago, including the Malay Peninsula and the island of Borneo, and outwards to Madagascar, Australia, New Zealand, Indo-China, Taiwan, the Malayo Polynesian and Pacific Islands up to Hawai, earlier with their "perahu" fitted with outriggers, later in multi-tiered ships the size of the ancient Roman galleons. They had remarkable ship building and navigational skills which were noted in the historical records of China.
The terms Proto-Malays (Orang Asli), Deutero Malays (the Constitutional Malays, Bumiputeras or natives of Sabah and Sarawak, Indonesians and others), Malayo-Polynesians and Austronesians refer to the same “Large Family of Malays” comprising some 350 million people. The classification was done scientifically by experts in the relevant fields, based on language, physical characteristics, blood types, DNA etc.
Pendatang refers to those who were brought in by the British who they called "coolies" to work in the tin mines, rubber and pepper plantations and in railway construction beginning from the late 19th Century. And those others who came not as coolies.
The Malay Language Family spoken in the Malay Archipelago or Gugusan Pulau Pulau Melayu, and beyond, are spoken by about 350 million people. There are as many as 1,200 languages in the Malay (Austronesian) language family, making it the 2nd largest language family in the world. The Malay languages account for 22% of the languages of mankind.
The scientists have studied the languages of the Malay Archipelago since the time of the British Captain Cook's voyages to the Pacific Ocean. Since then the experts have listed out the number of Malay Languages in some of the areas where Malay is spoken, as follows:
Malay Peninsula: 1 (+4 Aboriginal Malayan languages)
Borneo: 153
Phipippine Islands: 160
Sulawesi: 114
Sumatra Island: 22
Java Island: 3
Taiwan Island: 23
Madagascar Island: 11
Here are examples of the words that have basic similarities in Malay, Tagalog (Filipino), Fijian, Samoan, etc - see if the native language you speak have them:
dua, empat, lima, enam, mata, jalan, pandan, nior. There are of course so many others.
Here is what Professor C.P. Fitzgerald says in his book, "A Short Cultural History of China" (600+ pages) - he lived in China for 5 years to research and gather material for that book:
The phrase "origin of the Chinese people" is in itself misleading.
1. Chinese culture took root in the plains of Manchuria, a foreign country until after World War II
2. The northern provinces have always to some degree been mixed with "peoples from the Mongolian steppes"
3. The southern and central provinces of China were, before the northerners moved southwards, "covered" by non-Chinese, the Miao, small in size and who the Chinese were contemptuous of.
4. The south was originally occupied by "aboriginal tribes". The ancestors of most of the migrants to Malaya/ sia came from the south. The Professor said, "A large proportion of the population of the south calling itself 'Chinese' is in fact descended from one or other of the aboriginal races" - page 6. Even in modern times, in Yunnan and Kueichouu, tribesmen number half the population.
The southerners comprise the following major groups:
a. Fukienese, "a separate stock, mixed with immigrants from the north and the Yangtze Valley" and speaking "a peculiar dialect".
b. Cantonese, also speak a somewhat alien language, a form of old Chinese - the south was colonized by the northerners, colonization completed in the 7th Century - some 800 years after China was formed as a political entity by Chin Shih Huang Di.
c. Hakkas, of Kuantung province, known as "guest families" - they speak a peculiar dialect, despised by the Cantonese and do not inter marry. These people were said to have come from the north, running away from frequent Mongol invasions in rhe 13th Century.
So, if any of you are referred to as descendants of the Miao (who are aborigines and non-Chinese), or other aborigines of south China, don't blame me, I'm just a messenger of the news. You can't also blame Professor Fitzgerald any more because he died some years ago.
Chinese history claimed China as the "Middle Kingdom", others around them and even far away as "barbaric and uncivilized".
Those thinking theirs is a higher culture and others have a lower one must read what History Professor Wang Gung-Wu (formerly of Universiti Malaya, now in Singapore?) said in his essay “Early Ming Relations with S.E.Asia” pg. 36:
“ … All peoples who believed that they alone were civilized did so because they thought their neighbours less civilized than themselves. This view was often poved wrong by subsequent contact with other civilized peoples.”
Another academician, Albert Kolb, also pointed out in his book, “East Asia”, 1971,
“For a long time, it (Chinese culture) was taken to be older, and possibly also richer in original features, than in fact it is”. (Pg 25).
“Chinese culture cannot be thought of as originally Chinese “because the Chinese themselves emerged gra dually as a blend of many races and peoples”. (Pg 26).
According to Professor Wolfram Eberhard, in his book “A history of China”, 1977, writings about ancient China were inventions of a later period, what were said to have been done by the Chinese rulers and the dates they were said to have been done appeared to be even later still. All these indicated that historical writings in China were meant to serve certain politico-ethical objectives.
please ...let politic out of this. Kota Gelanggi must be excavated and show to the world
When people are ignorant, it is easy to manipulate to form a fine almost believable twisted truth. Just because Malaysians are generally ignorant of their past, doesn't mean all Malaysians are. I find that there is this motivated movement to dispel history to benefit a certain demographic of people in Malaysia.
Malays were animistic, then they became Hindu. Malay history DID NOT start from Malacca, that is common knowledge and the subject is taught in school, so no sensitivities there.
Merong Mahawangsa, a prince from Persia, arrived into a civilization of Malays / remnants of the Funan empire, and named that place Langkasuka (Kedah) which at that time there were already colonies of Malays and Proto Malays which had been occupying the land for around 50,000 years (Sundaland - before the great flood that drowned the continent and made it into Malay archipelago/Nusantara). At the time of arrival of Merong Mahawangsa in 6/7th AD, trade already happened on the eastern side of the coast, long before Parameswara founded Malacca. Langkasuka was a huge trade port, and yes, Raja Chola came to attack and demolish the kingdom much later.
Parameswara was a HINDU MALAY prince from PALEMBANG, (Indonesia), NOT Indian. The Funan Empire, Langkasuka empire, Sri Vijayan empire, were all Malays who were Hindus at that time, these are known as Ancient Malay Kingdoms. The Malays have been on this land since 50,000 years ago, 15,000 years ago the great flood drowned the Sunda continent. As the earlier seafarers (Read Oppenheimer Eden in the East), Malays have traveled to India and took on the Hindu religion and culture and brought back to Sundaland. Studies have shown that the Hindu temples in India bear NO resemblance to the Candi / temples / pura of Malay-Nusantara found in Kedah (possibly Gelanggi), Indonesia especially Bali, and the candi/pura in this region IS UNIQUELY Malays.
The Malays have always known we were Hindu before Islam came in, and Animistic/Pagans before Hinduism was brought back... most of our culture today is still Hinduism and Animistic that had existed for thousands of years, so no sensitivity there either.
If the government decide to cover up the finding of Kota Gelanggi , it is NOT because :
I) it gives evidence of the Indians as the first settler on this land, because Indians were never here during the Srivijaya Kingdom.
II) it is not because the Malaysian Muslim government do not want to reveal we Malays were Hindus at one point, because that is NOT sensitive (or else the Candi at Lembah Bujang would not be preserved and have museum there to account the details of hinduism amongst the malays then).
Recently a Thai Professor claimed that Malay is not a race, rather a terminology coined by the British post independence… Strange that the professors from the neighboring countries bear one thing in common, I guess it’s a standard practice for Singaporean and Thai Professors to not do research first?
Or is this another one of those attempts such as “Hang Tuah is Chinese” findings done by a non-existent department in the University of Michigan?
Question: if it's sensitive for Malays to be Hindus, then what about the Malays who are non-Muslims, whom are called the "Bumiputras".
(In 1700s, the term Malay was to describe the race of the seafaring people made up of various tribes, that spread from Africa to Madagascar to Sundaland and Taiwan to Pacific Islands of Hawaii to Rapa Nui & New Zealand. 1850 the term Indonesia was coined to describe Polynesian race inhabiting Indian Archipelago. Further division of Polynesia and Malay Archipelago was termed to describe areas of european colonies/ territories. Oceania was coined in 1880 to describe Austronesian speaking regions. 20th century saw the rise of nationalism where Indonesian and Malays are political description tied up to Islam and countries. Austronesia was a terminology used in 1920s to describe non-political linguistic ties. check out the list of reference below the video :
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oShirKsUDAk&feature=share )
Hi, this article is incorrect. Let me just go straight to the point
1) Malays are not ashamed about our pre-Islamic history. We all acknowledge the existence of the Buddhist Srivijaya and Hindu-Buddhist Majapahit Empires. They reigned the Malay Peninsular and Indonesian Islands from th 7th-13th century and 13th to 16th century respectively. If we are in denial, we would just bury this history and not publish it in our textbooks.
The fact is, that there is just not much information on Kota Gelinggi, it is believed to be part of the Srivijayan Empire. That's it.
2) Parameswara was not an Indian, he was a Malay Hindu. The city of Palembang, Indonesia is inhabited by Malays. Go and visit. They look like us Malays and their language is similar to Malaysian Malay. It is false to say that the "lineages of the Mallacan sultans were Indian". They were Malay or at least a mixture of related Nusantara people, like Javanese, Minangkabau etc.
Even if they had some Indian blood. they did not potray themselves in language and culture as Indian, but as Malays.
3) It is not clear from records that Parameswara DID NOT convert to Islam as well. However, he did marry the princess of Muslim Pasai, so therefore he likely converted to Islam. Even if we grant that he did not convert, his son did, and all the rest of the Malaccan kings were Muslims. So, it doesn't really matter whether Parameswara converted or not but he likely did.
4) We know that Malay borrows a lot of words from Sanskrit, as well as English and Arabic. So what?
5) It is false to say "Chinese and Indians were here way before Malays". The Orang Aslis (Semang, Senoi and Proto Malays) and Deutero Malays collectively have been here for more than 4000 years and have always been the dominant and majority people in the peninsular. The Deutero Malays (direct ancestors of the Malays) came around 300 BCE. Sure, there were Chinese and Indian traders that came by throughout history, but there were also Arabs, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch and people from other nations as well.
But God-forbid, if any of the Arabs or Portuguese people in Malaysia want to establish Arabic and Portuguese vernacular schools, we will fight to the very end. Strangely, the Chinese and Indians in Malaysia have their very own schools, even though this is not China nor India.
Nobody could deny the fact, that the overwhelming majority of Chinese and Indians in Malaysia were recent immigrants and came as coolies and were labourers brought in by the British during the 18th and 19th century. They are not from around here (Nusantara) , but the Malays were generous enough to grant all of them citizenship without even requiring them to be assimilated into mainstream Malay society.
Consider these facts:
1) Brunei denies 90% of their Chinese people citizenship until today.
2) Chinese Indonesians were required to adopt Indonesian names and Chinese schools were banned and closed in the 60s.
3) Chinese Thais also were compelled to adopt Thai names or risk being ostracised and viewed as outsiders by the local Thais. Chinese vernacular schools were banned and closed in the 30s and 40s.
4) Burmese Chinese have Burmese names and speak Burmese language as their first language
5) Cambodian Chinese have Cambodian names adopt Cambodian religion.
6) Chinese Filipinos have Filipino names and the majority adopt Catholicism just like the majority of native Filipinos.
Only in Malaysia do the Chinese and Indians are able to maintain seperate language schools (even though Malay is the National Language), maintain their names, refuse to master Malay language, fail to understand Islam and the Malay culture, and refuse to identify with the Malay indigeneous culture.
With regards to Raja Chola conquering parts of South East Asia. With respect to Tanah Melayu, the invading foreigner Raja Chola of India only managed to capture Kedah and parts of Johor from the Srivijayan Empire. They didn't replaced the Srivijayan Empire, and they were ultimately expelled and sent back to where they came from.
The Portuguese, Dutch and British were also here hundreds of years ago, is that an argument to say "White People were in Malaya before the Malays"? This is absurd and ludicrous. So, to say Raja Chola managed to capture some parts of Malaya or Tanah Melayu doesn't serve your argument. Chinese and Indians will always be regarded as "pendatang" unless they decide to uphold Bahasa Malaysia and being proud and identify themselves with the Bumiputera cultures and traditions.
Whaaat? This guy is Associate Professor and Head of NIE? For someone in his position, he doesn't seem to have had much schooling in Southeast Asian history.
This is copied from Wikipedia. PLEASE NOTE: KOTA GELANGGI IS ONE OF THE OLDEST PRE-ISLAMIC KINGDOMS, I repeat...PRE-ISLAMIC KINGDOMS.....dating 650-900.
Kota Gelanggi is an archaeological site reported in 2005 as potentially the first capital of the ancient Empire of Srivijaya and dating to around 650–900 and one of the oldest pre-Islamic Kingdoms on South East Asia's Malay Peninsula. The site's existence was announced as a 'discovery' by the Malaysian press on 3 February 2005.[1]
The reported site of the ancient city is in the dense jungles of the southern Malaysian state of Johor Darul Takzim, near a forest reserve currently managed as the Linggiu Dam water catchment area by the Public Utilities Board (PUB) of Singapore. This puts the site somewhere within a 140-square-kilometre (54 sq mi) area of the forest reserve surrounding Sungai Madek and Sungai Lenggiu.
[edit]Description and archaeology
The early 17th century Malay literary work Sejarah Melayu (Malay Annals) records that Kota Gelanggi lies on the upper reaches of the Johor River with a main fort made of black stone (or Kota Batu Hitam in Malay). "Kota Gelanggi" may derive from the Malay mispronunciation of the Thai word Ghlong-Keow or "Box of Emeralds", hence in Malay, Perbendaharaan Permata (Treasury of Jewels). Some scholars[who?] believe that the city formed part of the Ayutthaya Kingdom, and may therefore be the unidentified 12th Naksat city of ancient Siamese folklore. Ancient Tamil inscriptions show that the city was raided in 1025 by South Indian Chola Dynasty conqueror Rajendra Chola I, after he had destroyed the Malay Kingdom of Gangga Negara. The latter is generally equated with the ruins and ancient tombs that can still be seen in Beruas district in the state of Perak. Old European maps of the Malay Peninsula show the location of a city known as Polepi (i.e. Gelanggi) at the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula.[2]
References to Kota Gelanggi were reported in the late 19th and early 20th centuries by colonial scholar-administrators including Dudley Francis Amelius Hervey (1849–1911), who published eye witness reports of the city in 1881 and Sir Richard Olof Winstedt (1878–1966), who stated that an Orang Asli (indigenous group) was prepared to take people to the site in the late 1920s. The ancient city was also known to the adventurer-explorer Gerald Gardner (1884–1964), who discovered the ruins of Johore Lama while searching for Kota Gelanggi.
Recent evidence of the city's existence and approximate location was presented as the result of a decade-long research project based on Malay manuscripts, cartographical and topographical surveys, aerial inspections and assessments of local folklore. Based on these sources a preliminary discussion on the subject was published as a lengthy academic paper entitled The "Lost City" of Kota Gelanggi[3] in 2004. Prior to its publication, the paper's author Raimy Che-Ross, an independent researcher, had tabled and discussed his findings with experts at the Asia Research Institute (ARI), National University of Singapore, the Johor Chapter of Badan Warisan Malaysia (Malaysian Heritage Trust) and archaeologists at the Jabatan Muzium dan Antikuiti Malaysia (Museums and Antiquities Department of Malaysia), between January–June 2004. The paper received wide coverage in the Malaysian media, who prematurely reported the introductory article as the announcement of a major "discovery". This prompted the then Minister for Heritage, Culture and the Arts to announce ambitious plans for selected museum and government officials to "discover" the city.
On April 28, 2006, the Malaysian National News Service (Bernama) reported that the "Lost City does not exist". Khalid Syed Ali, Curator of Archaeology in the Department's Research and Development Division, said a team of government appointed researchers had carried out a month-long study in July 2005 but found no trace of the "Lost City". However, Khalid later added that "the Heritage Department (Jabatan Warisan) does not categorically deny that it exists, only that research carried out until now [over the month of July 2005] has not shown any proof that can verify the existence of the ancient city of Linggiu [sic]"[4] When pressed for details, Khalid revealed that Che-Ross[who?] had not been involved in the museum's search team for the lost city.
Three elder Orang Asli headmen from the Linggiu Dam area nonetheless insist that the city exists; according to Tuk Batin Abdul Rahman (85), "the city is very large, I have seen it myself because it was located near my village. I estimate its fort to be approximately forty feet square, with three holes like windows along its walls", adding that the area was formerly his home and that of fifty other Orang Asli families, before they were moved out by the British due to the Communist threat in the late 1940s–50s. He further said that he had first stumbled across the fort in the 1930s, while foraging for jungle produce. Tuk Batin Abdul Rahman's statements were independently verified by Tuk Batin Daud, 60 and Tuk Batin Adong, 58, who added that their people had visited the site on numerous previous occasions and had seen the black stone walls themselves.[5] Two old manuscript drawings believed to depict the ruins are in the possession of Tuk Batin Adong. The rough outline coloured sketches show a large building surrounding a steep hill with two circular apertures on the walls on each side of the entrance.
The Kota Gelanggi of Johor Darul Takzim should not be confused with the Kota Gelanggi Caves near Jerantut in Pahang Darul Makmur. The Kota Gelanggi Caves of Jerantut hold Neolithic sites, with no evidence of further substantial habitation beyond that period despite extensive archaeological digs in its caverns by the museums department.
...cont from Wikipedia
In late May 2008, the Malaysian Press reported the discovery of an ancient bronze vessel or Kendi near a river close to Mentakab, Pahang Darul Makmur that may be associated with the ancient city of Kota Gelanggi in Johor Darul Takzim. Both sites are linked by a network of rivers once believed to form a trade route cutting across the Malay Peninsula.
IF WE CAN FIND RAIMY CHE-ROSS, IT WILL BE INTERESTING TO FIND OUT WHY HE WAS CENSORED!!! Then, post the information in Wikipedia for all to read!!!
Hmmm ...
One correction here. You DO NOT have to be Indian to be Hindu.
The locals on Bali Islands are Hindus but they are not Indians. They are part of the 'nusantara' or Malay-ethnic group.
The Malays or Melayu race in nusantara (which are now Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, the Cocos Islands and some Islands in the Pacific) are part of the 'nusantara' or Malay-ethnic group.
Yes, the ancestors of the Malay group first had animistic beliefs ... much like the Red Indians on the American Continent - believing in spirits of nature, etc
... then later most converted to Hinduism which were brought by the Indians through trade, some converted to Buddhism as well.
Around 1100AD, Islam came to the Malay archipelago thru trade as well ...
There's nothing to be ashamed about what our ancestors believed.
The Arabs' ancestors were pagans, idol worshipers and some converted to Christianity and Judaism before Muhammad's time ... and they acknowledge that.
The past is the past. What's important is what you are now and what you will be in the future.
Pemerhati Sejarah
most of the comments need to be validated with events ,place and subject matter ! As a matter of fact renowned Hindu civilization has been noted very much before this so called malay archipelago existed ! How on earth that Sanskrit and Tamil got in entangled and enriched the malay language! which fact can hold water do this and whatever has been discover in peninsular Malaya and in Indonesia ! How did Malaya got its name " MALAYA " which EPIC came earlier than Ramayana ... and how could Characters in Wayang Kulit are explicitly portrayed as we have witnessed and enriched the Malaysian identity ! Long live the king is well said as Theergaayul !
Addressing the king humbly with utmost respect ... Sri Paduka this term is used to reckon the foot of the king in Ramayana .Thus it is assimilation over the years and this does mean that we need to get offended at all but with open heart accept the truth ... do not distort facts !
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